I-Polylactic acid (PLA): enye indlela evumelana nemvelo kumapulasitiki

I-Polylactic acid (PLA): enye indlela evumelana nemvelo kumapulasitiki

Iyini i-PLA?

I-Polylactic acid, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-PLA (i-Polylactic Acid), iyi-monomer ye-thermoplastic etholakala emithonjeni ephilayo evuselelekayo efana nesitashi sombila noma umoba noma i-beet pulp.

Nakuba ifana nepulasitiki yangaphambilini, izakhiwo zayo seziphenduke izinsiza ezivuselelekayo, okuyenza ibe enye yemvelo ehlukile kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.

I-PLA iseyi-carbon neutral, iyadleka, futhi iyabola, okusho ukuthi ingabola ngokuphelele endaweni efanele esikhundleni sokugqekeza kuma-microplastic ayingozi.

Ngenxa yekhono layo lokubola, ijwayele ukusetshenziswa njengempahla yokupakisha izikhwama zepulasitiki ezingaboli, izinkomishi, amapuleti, nezinto zetafula.

Izinto zokupakisha ze-PLA (1)

Indlela yokwehlisa izinga le-PLA

I-PLA ithola ukucekelwa phansi okungezona izinto eziphilayo ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezintathu:

I-Hydrolysis: Amaqembu e-ester ochungechungeni oluyinhloko aphukile, okuholela ekwehleni kwesisindo samangqamuzana.

Ukubola okushisayo: into eyinkimbinkimbi eholela ekwakhekeni kwezinhlanganisela ezihlukene, njengama-molecule alula, ama-oligomer aqondile nama-cyclic anesisindo samangqamuzana ahlukene, ne-lactide.

Ukuwohloka kwezithombe: Imisebe ye-Ultraviolet ingabangela ukuwohloka. Lesi isici esiyinhloko esidalula i-polylactic acid ekukhanyeni kwelanga kupulasitiki, iziqukathi zokupakisha, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zefilimu.

Impendulo ye-hydrolysis yile:

-COO- + H 2 O → -COOH + -OH

Izinga lokuwohloka lihamba kancane kakhulu ezingeni lokushisa elizungezile. Ucwaningo lwango-2017 lwathola ukuthi i-PLA ayizange ihlangabezane nokulahlekelwa yikhwalithi phakathi nonyaka emanzini olwandle angu-25 ° C (77 ° F), kodwa ucwaningo aluzange lulinganise ukubola noma ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwamaketanga e-polymer.

Izinto zokupakisha ze-PLA (2)

Yiziphi izindawo zokufaka izicelo ze-PLA?

1. Izimpahla zabathengi
I-PLA isetshenziswa ezimpahleni ezahlukene zabathengi, njengezitsha ezilahlwayo, izikhwama zokuthenga ezitolo ezinkulu, amakesi ezinto zikagesi zasekhishini, kanye namalaptop kanye namadivayisi aphathwayo.

2. Ezolimo
I-PLA isetshenziswa ngendlela yefayibha emigqeni yokudoba eyodwa kanye namanetha ukuze kutshalwe izitshalo kanye nokulawula ukhula. Isetshenziselwa izikhwama zesihlabathi, izimbiza zezimbali, izintambo zokubopha, nezintambo.

3. Ukwelashwa
I-PLA ingehliswa ibe i-lactic acid engenabungozi, iyenze ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa njengemishini yezokwelapha ngendlela yamahange, izikulufu, amapuleti, izikhonkwane, izinduku, namanetha.

Izinto zokupakisha ze-PLA (3)

Izimo ezine ezivame kakhulu zokulahla

1. Ukugaywa kabusha:
Kungaba ukugaywa kabusha kwamakhemikhali noma ukugaywa kabusha ngomshini. E-Belgium, i-Galaxy yethule imboni yokuqala yokuhlola ukugaywa kabusha kwamakhemikhali e-PLA (Loopla). Ngokungafani nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwemishini, imfucuza ingase iqukathe ukungcola okuhlukahlukene. I-Polylactic acid ingatholwa ngamakhemikhali njengama-monomers ngokusebenzisa i-polymerization eshisayo noma i-hydrolysis. Ngemuva kokuhlanzwa, ama-monomers angasetshenziswa ukwenza i-PLA eluhlaza ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa izakhiwo zawo zangempela.

2. Ukwenza umquba:
I-PLA ingenziwa i-biodegraded ngaphansi kwezimo zokwenziwa komquba ezimbonini, okokuqala ngokusebenzisa i-chemical hydrolysis, bese kuba ngokugayeka kwe-microbial, futhi ekugcineni yehliswe. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokwenza umquba wezimboni (58 ° C (136 ° F)), i-PLA ingabola ingxenye (cishe uhhafu) ibe amanzi kanye ne-carbon dioxide phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-60, ingxenye esele yonakale kancane kancane ngemva kwalokho, kuye ngobucwebe bezinto. Endaweni engenazo izimo ezidingekayo, ukubola kuzohamba kancane kakhulu, kufane namapulasitiki angewona awebhayoloji, angeke abole ngokuphelele amakhulu noma izinkulungwane zeminyaka.

3. Ukushiswa:
I-PLA ingashiswa ngaphandle kokukhiqiza i-chlorine equkethe amakhemikhali noma izinsimbi ezisindayo, njengoba iqukethe kuphela ikhabhoni, umoya-mpilo, nama-athomu e-hydrogen. Ukushiswa kwe-PLA eshisiwe kuzokhiqiza u-19.5 MJ/kg (8368 btu/lb) wamandla ngaphandle kokushiya noma iyiphi insalela. Lo mphumela, kanye nokunye okutholakele, ukhombisa ukuthi ukushiswa kuyindlela evumelana nemvelo yokwelapha imfucuza ye-polylactic acid.

4. Indawo yokulahla udoti:
Nakuba i-PLA ingangena ezindaweni zokulahla imfucumfucu, iwukhetho oluncane kakhulu oluhambisana nemvelo ngoba okokusebenza kwehla kancane emazingeni okushisa asendaweni, ngokuvamile njengokuhamba kancane njengamanye amapulasitiki angonakali.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-20-2024